Number DOI: http://doi.org/10.33209/2519-4348-2707-9627-2023-11-140

VB. – № 11, 2023. – P. 165-186

Summary

Today, there is a debate about the identity of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church as that of Kyiv. The identity of a particular church community is most vividly expressed by its theology, which, like a mirror, reflects the entire church life: its administrative, spiritual, and scientific dimensions. The crown of theological studies, reflections, and discussions is their practical embodiment in liturgical texts. After all, the way we pray follows from what and how we believe. And vice versa: from how and why we pray, what we believe in, what our faith is, and therefore who we are, also follows. Today, the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church, feeling the lack of liturgical books, stands on the threshold of forming its own liturgical library. Therefore, a modern theologian should consider the achievements that are already in the heritage of the Kyiv Church in order to create new ones. The Holy Sacraments accompany a Christian throughout his life. They enable him to live a true life, a life with God and in God: the Holy Mysteries of Initiation are the door to the Christian life, its beginning; The Sacraments of Penance and Anointing help the sick and dying both spiritually and physically to return to Him; and the Sacraments of Priesthood and Marriage are a certain way of passing the path of salvation. In the proposed article, the authors try to understand different modern views on the content of the Holy Sacrament of Penance. In particular, the theological works of individual Eastern Orthodox authors, who had an influence on the formation of the theological worldview of Kyiv Metropolitan Peter Mohyla, were studied. Attention is also drawn to the terminology, liturgy and constituent parts of this Sacrament. In addition, Peter Mohyla’s understanding of the role and tasks of the penitent and confessor is analyzed, in particular the origin and legitimacy of the power to resolve sins, the relationship between the actions of Christ and the priest in forgiving the sins of the penitent. The authors used an analytical-synthetic method with elements of comparison to study the mentioned problems.

Key words: confession, Metropolitan Petro Mohyla, Kyiv Christianity, priest, Holy Sacraments.

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