Number DOI: http://doi.org/10.33209/2519-4348-2707-9627-2022-10-128

VB. – № 10, 2022. – P. 305-322

Summary

The article is dedicated to the social, moral and ethical problems presented in the philosophical heritage of the professor of the Kyiv Theological Academy, V. F. Pevnytsky (1832–1911). The research has been done on the basis of archival primary sources processing. The purpose of our article is to outline the key ideas of the moral-ethical and socio-anthropological direction of V. Pevnytskyi, which have not been presented in the research literature to this day. The article shows that V. Pevnytskyi was a representative of the idealistic-theistic position in his ideas. Peculiarities of the interpretation of religious faith and its connection with morality in human life had been studied. The author’s emphasis on the idea of living faith based on evangelical laws is revealed. The understanding of progress and freedom in the context of Christianity in the ideas of V. Pevnytskyi is analyzed. The article argues that the ideas and the vision of V. F. Pevnytsky organically intertwine with the tradition of the religious and philosophical school of the Kyiv Theological Academy (XIX century) continuing the line of cordocentrism and idealism. In particular, in the works of V. Pevnytsky, the ideas of morality (in the tradition of Christian Orthodox church), happiness, progress and freedom are clearly presented. The professor identifies two ways that affect the formation and spiritual development of man: the outer way – changeable, unstable, false (earthly pleasures, entertainment, joy, glory, power) and inner – true, which is inherent in man by God from birth and which is revealed through the development of highest moral and spiritual virtues as well as the pursuit of the highest Christian values – the path that will lead a person to happiness. V. Pevnytsky emphasizes that progress and positive changes in society primarily depend on the moral development of man. The necessary condition for the progress is the realization of human inner freedom. A promising direction of future research is not only the study and description of V. Pevnytskyi’s works, which are in library archives, but also the disclosure of his ideas in the context of Ukrainian theology and philosophy.

Key words: moral law, progress, sorrows, happiness, freedom, Christianity.

References:

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