Number DOI: http://doi.org/10.33209/2519-4348-2707-9627-2025-13-176

Volynskyi Blahovisnyk. № 13. 2025. P.185-196.

Summary

Philosophy is considered the mother of all sciences. Aristotle tells us that “Out of admiration and wonder, people both now and in the past have begun to philosophize.” The word philosophy is etymologically complex and comes from the ancient Greek philosopher (agape) and the word sophia, meaning philosophy is the love of wisdom. The term was introduced by the great pre-Socratic philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras. Philosophy opens new paths for us and is thinking about thinking itself and its possibilities. In general, one could say that philosophical thinking is the intellectual exploration of deep questions about man’s relationship to the world and his place in it. Philosophy is not content with analysing the reality of the empirical world, but makes proposals for changing it.

On the other hand, history is the systematic study of the past, focusing mainly on human activity up to the present time. It studies the written and all other sources that give information about the past and its subject is the life of peoples and humanity. The study of events includes the recording of them and the causes that led to them, as well as the general laws of historical development. history is not a narrative of events that took place, but an attempt to reconstruct and interpret the past, usually with the aim of interpreting the present and predicting the future, which is why it undergoes constant changes and transformations, producing different historiographical approaches. The scientific historian investigates trends in society in periods and sectors, economic conditions, the development of culture, science, philosophy and art. History as a science divides subfields such as history of nations, history of music, history of medicine, history of architecture.

To sum up, alongside the history of philosophy that yields philosophy before it yields history, an important role remains for the history of ideas, as long as it is sufficiently informed by philosophy to achieve a proper grip on the ideas it traces the history of.

Key words: history, Philosophy, mother of all sciences, the systematic study of the past, historiographical.

References:

1. Arageōrgēs, A., Vasikes ennoies tēs Logikēs, Athēna 2006.
2. Beasley, W. G., Pulleyblank, E., Historians of China and Japan, Oxford University Press, New York 1961
3. Veïkos, Th., Eisagōgē stis filosofikes spoudes, ekd. Grēgorē, Athēna 1988.
4. Diels, H. – Kranz, W., Oi prosōkratikoi. Oi martyries kai ta apospasmata, A΄, ekd. N. Papadēma, Athēna 2005.
5. Japanese philosophy: Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Onlinehttps://www.rep.routledge.com/article/G100/ (Hēm. Anaktēsēs 21 Maiou 2017).
6. Kalfas, V. & Zōgrafidēs, G., «Archaioi Hellēnes Filosofoi», http://www.greek-language.gr/digitalResources/ancient_greek/history/filosofia/page_002.html?prev=true (Hēm. Anaktēsēs 8 Iouniou 2017).
7. Kirk, G. S., Raven, J. E., Schofield, M., Oi prosōkratikoi filosofoi, mtfr. D. Kourtovik, ekd. MIET, Athēna 1988, 2006, (4ē ekd.).
8. Liakos, A., «Theōria tēs Historias». URL: http://opencourses.uoa.gr/modules/document/file.php/ARCH9/82.pdf
9. Nagel, Th., Themeliōdē filosofika problēmata. Syntomē eisagōgē stē filosofia, mtfr. Michalopoulou – Christina Veïkou, ekd. Smilē, Athēna 1989.
10. Pelegrinēs, Th. N., Oi pente epoches tēs filosofias, Athēna 2009.
11. Potter, K. H., «Are all Indian philosophers Indian Philosophers?», Journal of the Indian Council of Philosophical Research, Vol. 11, No. 2, (1985) 17-19.
12. Skouteropoulos, N. M., Hē archaia sofistikē, Ta sōzomena apospasmata, Gnōsē, Athēna 1991.
13. Smith, D. H., «Hē didaskalia tou Komfoukiou», mtfr. V. Katsanēs, Skepsē kai technē 7 (1986), 23–33 & 8 (1986), 35–40.
14. Stefos, A., Stergioulēs, Em., Charitidou, G., Istoria tēs Archaias Hellēnikēs Grammateias, OEDV, Athēna 2004, ebook, http://ebooks.edu.gr/modules/ebook/show.php/DSGYM-B120/550/3617,15476/.
15. Tasis, Th., «Hē filosofia ōs tropos zōēs kai hē dēmokratia», http://antifono.gr/portal/B1/4504-filosofia-os-tropos-zois-kai-dimokratia.html (Hēm. Anaktēsēs 6 Maiou 2017).
16. Wimmer, Fr. M., Is Intercultural Philosophy a New Branch or a New Orientation in Philosophy?, Vienna 1987.
17. Vegetti, M., Istoria tēs Archaias Filosofias, ekd. Travlos, Athēna 2000.