Номер DOI: http://doi.org/10.33209/2519-4348-2707-9627-2021-9-107

VB. – № 9, 2021. – С. 275-281

Анотація

In this study we will look at utility in the context of health with reference to patients who need medical help at home. In recent years, the ethics and especially the bioethics associated with medicine has begun to occupy more and more scientists. An important trigger for its emergence was the public reaction regarding the medical experiments but also the various hospital scandals that caused great unrest in the societies. in utilitarian theory one can diagnose some problems, such as the lack in practice of the complete documentation of the content of the terms pleasure, bliss and happiness in general. Moreover, the utilitarianism of the act is based only on quantitative criteria and ignores the qualitative ones, so even immoral acts can be legalized. On the other hand, utilitarianism with rules has as its main disadvantage that the adoption of various rules contributes to the reduction of the general level of happiness-bliss. As a result, the basic principle of utilitarianism “greater happiness for a larger number of people” is not satisfied.

Ключові слова: utilitarianism, hospital scandals, medical experiments, eudaimonia

Література:

Beauchamp T. L. & Childress JF. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. 5^-ліття ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001).

Bentham J., An Introduction to the Principle of Morals and Legislation. (New York: Hafner, 1948)

Γαλανάκης, Μ., 20ός και 21ος αιώνας: σημαντικοί σταθμοί στην πορεία της ιατρικής ηθικής, στο Σ. Τσινόρεμα, Κ. Λούης (επιμ.), Θέματα βιοηθικής. Η ζωή, η κοινωνία και η φύση μπροστά στις προκλήσεις των βιοεπιστημών, (Ηράκλειο: Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, 2013), σ. 53-75

Γασπαράτου, Ρ., Εισαγωγή στη Φιλοσοφία. Σημειώσεις Πανεπιστημιακών Παραδόσεων. (Πανεπιστήμιο Πατρών: ΤΕΕΑΠΗ, 2013)

Γλυκοφρύδη Α & Ζαπουνίδου Μ., Bioethics in Education. Bioethica, 5 (1), (2019), σ. 13-29,doi:https://doi.org/10.12681/bioeth.20833

Childress JF.. A principle – based approach. In: Kuhse H, Singer P (eds). A Companion to Bioethics. (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2005), p. 67-77

Δραγώνα – Μονάχου Μ., Βιοηθική και Φιλοσοφία. Στο Σ. Τσινόρεμα & Λ. Κίτσος (επιμ.) Θέματα Βιοηθικής – Η ζωή, η κοινωνία και η φύση μπροστά στις προκλήσεις των βιοεπιστημών, (Κρήτη: Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, 2013), σ. 25-51.

Kant I., Τα θεμέλια της Μεταφυσικής των ηθών [1785]. (Αθήνα – Γιάννενα: Δωδώνη, 1984)

Mill, J.S., Ωφελιµισµός, µτφρ. Φ. Παιονίδης, (Αθήνα: Πόλις 2002).

Πουλής Ιω. & Βλάχου Ε., Βιοηθική. Δεοντολογία και Νομοθεσία στις Επιστήμες της Υγείας. (Αθήνα: Κωνσταντάρας 2016).

Sallivan R. Immanuel Kant’s Moral Theory. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).

Smart, J.J.C., An Outline of a System of Utilitarian Ethics, στο Smart J.J.C, Williams Β. Utilitarianism: For and Against, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973), p. 61-70, esp. 64, 69, http://assets.cambridge.org/97805210/98229/excerpt/9780521098229_excerpt.pdf

Sharpe VA, Faden AI, Medical Harm: Historical, Conceptual and Ethical Dimensions of Iatrogenic Illness. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998)

Tsounis A. & Sarafis P., Moral and medical ethics in clinical practice act: the medical confidentiality and the protection of personal data in modern reality. Interscientific Health Care Vol 4, Issue 2, (2012), σ. 63-70.

United Nations (1948). Universal Declaration for Human Rights, άρθρο 25 παρ. 1 «Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care».