{"id":4467,"date":"2024-12-12T16:00:48","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T14:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/?p=4467"},"modified":"2025-02-13T11:32:29","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T09:32:29","slug":"the-meaning-of-the-term-%d7%a2%d7%a6%d7%9d-%e1%bd%81%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf%e1%bf%a6%ce%bd-as-a-way-of-expressing-the-inner-world-of-man-in-the-book-of-lamentations-of-jeremiah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/the-meaning-of-the-term-%d7%a2%d7%a6%d7%9d-%e1%bd%81%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf%e1%bf%a6%ce%bd-as-a-way-of-expressing-the-inner-world-of-man-in-the-book-of-lamentations-of-jeremiah\/","title":{"rendered":"The Meaning of the Term \u05e2\u05e6\u05dd (&#8220;\u1f41\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd&#8221;) as a Way of Expressing the Inner World of Man in the Book of Lamentations of Jeremiah"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0441<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432'\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0437 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432'\u044f \u0410\u0444\u0456\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0456\u043c. \u041a\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044f (\u0410\u0444\u0456\u043d\u0438, \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0456\u044f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">teorokas@yahoo.gr<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 DOI: http:\/\/doi.org\/10.33209\/2519-4348-2707-9627-2023-11-138<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VB. \u2013 \u2116 11, 2023. \u2013 C. 133-145<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0410\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For the Old Testament the term \u05e2\u05e6\u05dd (&#8220;bone&#8221;) is an anthropological term referring to the internal organs of man to denote the base of the body, the body itself, and to denote man&#8217;s emotions, i.e. his inner world . In the book of Lamentations of Jeremiah this term appears three times expressing the inner world of the prophet, i.e. the feelings he felt when he saw Jerusalem destroyed in 587 BC. Jeremiah described these feelings by recording them in the book of Lamentations, which was written after the destruction of Jerusalem in 587 BC. The book shows similarities with corresponding works of the Sumerians and is a poem according to the literary tradition of Mesopotamia. The book of Lamentations of Jeremiah is a mournful song and the poet intends to express the feelings that fill his inner world and seeks to show that what the Israelites suffered was a result of their sin and their apostasy from Yahweh and His Covenant. In the three verses in which the prophet Jeremiah refers to the term (Lam. 1,13\u20223,4\u20224,8) he shows the fire that burns his inner world proving the belief that everything a person does has an impact on his entire existence . For this reason the prophet pains and suffers, but the pain and the suffering are not limited to physical pains only, but also enter indirectly. These pains are so intense that they even reach the innermost and hardest part of the person, i.e. the bones. With various linguistic figures and the exposure of the emotions of the inner world through the bones the prophet manifests the tragedy of the situations as well as the mental fortitude of a man who was truly shaken.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430:&nbsp;<\/strong>bone, inner world, emotions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Biblia Hebraica<\/em><\/strong><strong>,&nbsp;<\/strong>Stuttgartensia, F\u00fcnfte verbesserte Auflage, Studienausgabe, Gedruckt mit Unterst\u00fcntzung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1967.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bullock C. Hassel<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>An Introduction to the Old Testament: Prophetic Books<\/em>, Updated Edition, Mood Publisers, Chicago 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cohen A.<\/strong>, &#8220;The Five Megilloth&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>Soncino Books of the Bible<\/em>, The Soncino Press LTD, London1961.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dillard B. Raymond &#8211; Longman III Tremper<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em>, APOLLOS (an imprint of Inter Varity Press), England 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0394\u03cc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b8. \u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7: \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae<\/em>, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 1985.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Doobs &#8211; Allsopp F. W.<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>Lamentations, Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching<\/em>, John Knox Press, Louisville 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Guinan D. Michael<\/strong>, &#8220;Lamentations&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>New Jerome biblical Commentary<\/em>, Prence Hall, Inc. 1968 and 1990, Study Hardback edition, Great Britain 1989, \u03c3. 560.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hillers R. Delbert<\/strong>, &#8220;Lamentations: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>The Anchor Bible<\/em>, Doubleday &amp; Company, Inc, Garden City, New York 1972.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Huey F. B., Jr.<\/strong>, &#8220;Jeremiah &#8211; Lamentations&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>The New American Commentary<\/em>, Volume 16, Broadman Press, United States of America 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u0395. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4. \u0393\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1,&nbsp;\u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7&nbsp;2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kramer N. S.<\/strong>, &#8220;A Sumerian Lamentation&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament<\/em>, Princeton University Press, 1992<sup>5<\/sup>,&nbsp;\u03c3\u03c3. 455-463.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kugler Robert and Hartin Patrick<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>An Introduction to the Bible<\/em>, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan\/Cambridge, United Kingdom 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Lalleman Hetty<\/strong>, &#8220;Jeremiah and Lamentations&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries<\/em>, Volume 21, Inter Varity Press, England 2013,.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Merrill H. Eugene &#8211; Rooker Mark &#8211; Grisanti A. Michael<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>The World and the Word: An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em>, B&amp;H Publishing Group Naschville, Tenesse 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2: \u039f \u0386\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/em>, \u038c\u03b3\u03b4\u03bf\u03b7 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u039f\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong>, &#8220;\u0395\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u0398\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>\u041f<\/em><em>.<\/em><em>\u0413<\/em><em>.<\/em>&nbsp;93,725\u0392 &#8211; 762\u0392.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/em>, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1994,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd<\/em>, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u03a5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae &#8211; \u039a\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd &#8211; \u0395\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/em>, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Provan Iain &#8211; Long V. Philiprs &#8211; Longman III Tremper<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>A Biblical History of Israel<\/em>, Westminster, John Knox Press, Louisville &#8211; Kentucky 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rahlfs A. \u2013 Hanhart R<\/strong>.,&nbsp;<em>Septuaginta id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes<\/em>, editio altera, Deutsce Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Reyburn D. William<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>A Handbook on Lamentations<\/em>, UBS Handbook Series, United Bible Societies, New York 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03b7 \u03a0. \u0391\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd<\/em>, \u03b5\u03bd \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>,&nbsp;<em>\u0395\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a9\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/strong>, &#8220;\u1f18\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f68\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f18\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f18\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03af \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u0398\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>P.<\/em><em>G.<\/em>14,605C-622B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Williams Derek<\/strong>, &#8220;bones&#8221;,&nbsp;<em>New Consise Bible Commentary<\/em>, Inter-Varsity Press, Englad 1989, \u03c3\u03c3. (68-69).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/12\/11_7.pdf\">View\/download PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Number DOI: http:\/\/doi.org\/10.33209\/2519-4348-2707-9627-2023-11-138 VB. &#8211; \u2116 11, 2023. &#8211; P. 133-145 Summary For the Old Testament the term \u05e2\u05e6\u05dd (&#8220;bone&#8221;) is an anthropological term referring to the internal organs of man to denote the base of the body, the body itself, and to denote man&#8217;s emotions, i.e. his inner world . In the book of Lamentations of Jeremiah this term appears three times expressing the inner world of the prophet, i.e. the feelings he felt when he saw Jerusalem destroyed in 587 BC. Jeremiah described these feelings by recording them in the book of Lamentations, which was written after the destruction of Jerusalem in 587 BC. The book shows similarities with corresponding works of the Sumerians and is a poem according to the literary tradition of Mesopotamia. The book of Lamentations of Jeremiah is a mournful song and the poet intends to express the feelings that fill his inner world and seeks to show that what the Israelites suffered was a result of their sin and their apostasy from Yahweh and His Covenant. In the three verses in which the prophet Jeremiah refers to the term (Lam. 1,13\u20223,4\u20224,8) he shows the fire that burns his inner world proving the belief that everything a person does has an impact on his entire existence . For this reason the prophet pains and suffers, but the pain and the suffering are not limited to physical pains only, but also enter indirectly. These pains are so intense that they even reach the innermost and hardest part of the person, i.e. the bones. With various linguistic figures and the exposure of the emotions of the inner world through the bones the prophet manifests the tragedy of the situations as well as the mental fortitude of a man who was truly shaken. Key words:&nbsp;bone, inner world, emotions. References: Biblia Hebraica,&nbsp;Stuttgartensia, F\u00fcnfte verbesserte Auflage, Studienausgabe, Gedruckt mit Unterst\u00fcntzung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1967. Bullock C. Hassel,&nbsp;An Introduction to the Old Testament: Prophetic Books, Updated Edition, Mood Publisers, Chicago 2007. Cohen A., &#8220;The Five Megilloth&#8221;,&nbsp;Soncino Books of the Bible, The Soncino Press LTD, London1961. Dillard B. Raymond &#8211; Longman III Tremper,&nbsp;An Introduction to the Old Testament, APOLLOS (an imprint of Inter Varity Press), England 1995. \u0394\u03cc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b8. \u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd,&nbsp;\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7: \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 1985. Doobs &#8211; Allsopp F. W.,&nbsp;Lamentations, Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching, John Knox Press, Louisville 2002. Guinan D. Michael, &#8220;Lamentations&#8221;,&nbsp;New Jerome biblical Commentary, Prence Hall, Inc. 1968 and 1990, Study Hardback edition, Great Britain 1989, \u03c3. 560. Hillers R. Delbert, &#8220;Lamentations: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary&#8221;,&nbsp;The Anchor Bible, Doubleday &amp; Company, Inc, Garden City, New York 1972. Huey F. B., Jr., &#8220;Jeremiah &#8211; Lamentations&#8221;,&nbsp;The New American Commentary, Volume 16, Broadman Press, United States of America 1993. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u0395. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5,&nbsp;\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4. \u0393\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1,&nbsp;\u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7&nbsp;2016. Kramer N. S., &#8220;A Sumerian Lamentation&#8221;,&nbsp;Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Princeton University Press, 19925,&nbsp;\u03c3\u03c3. 455-463. Kugler Robert and Hartin Patrick,&nbsp;An Introduction to the Bible, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan\/Cambridge, United Kingdom 2009. Lalleman Hetty, &#8220;Jeremiah and Lamentations&#8221;,&nbsp;Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries, Volume 21, Inter Varity Press, England 2013,. Merrill H. Eugene &#8211; Rooker Mark &#8211; Grisanti A. Michael,&nbsp;The World and the Word: An Introduction to the Old Testament, B&amp;H Publishing Group Naschville, Tenesse 2011. \u039c\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5,&nbsp;\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2: \u039f \u0386\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u038c\u03b3\u03b4\u03bf\u03b7 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1996. \u039f\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd, &#8220;\u0395\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u0398\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2&#8221;,&nbsp;P.G.&nbsp;93,725\u0392 &#8211; 762\u0392. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5,&nbsp;\u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1994, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5,&nbsp;\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 2003. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c. \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5,&nbsp;\u03a5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae &#8211; \u039a\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd &#8211; \u0395\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 2003. Provan Iain &#8211; Long V. Philiprs &#8211; Longman III Tremper,&nbsp;A Biblical History of Israel, Westminster, John Knox Press, Louisville &#8211; Kentucky 2003. Rahlfs A. \u2013 Hanhart R.,&nbsp;Septuaginta id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes, editio altera, Deutsce Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart 2006. Reyburn D. William,&nbsp;A Handbook on Lamentations, UBS Handbook Series, United Bible Societies, New York 1992. \u03a7\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03b7 \u03a0. \u0391\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5,&nbsp;\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd, \u03b5\u03bd \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 1989. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2,&nbsp;\u0395\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2007. \u03a9\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, &#8220;\u1f18\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f68\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f18\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f18\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03af \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u0398\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2&#8221;,&nbsp;P.G.14,605C-622B. Williams Derek, &#8220;bones&#8221;,&nbsp;New Consise Bible Commentary, Inter-Varsity Press, Englad 1989, \u03c3\u03c3. 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