{"id":4415,"date":"2024-12-12T15:40:48","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T13:40:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/?p=4415"},"modified":"2025-02-13T11:27:46","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T09:27:46","slug":"vicious-and-good-virtuous-relationships-in-the-teachings-of-the-church-fathers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/vicious-and-good-virtuous-relationships-in-the-teachings-of-the-church-fathers\/","title":{"rendered":"Vicious and Good-Virtuous relationships in the teachings of the Church Fathers"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
Eirini Artemi<\/summary>\n

Post doctorates in philosophy and in societies after crisis, doctorate and master\u2019s in Theology \/Academic Teacher at the Hellenic Open University (Patra, Greece) \/ Professor of the Israel Institute of Biblical Studies of the Hebrew University ( Jerusalem, Israel) \/ Professor of the Theological School of the Orthodox University (Kinshasa, Congo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

eartemi@theol.uoa.gr | ORCID: 0000-0002-8852-9907<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 DOI: http:\/\/doi.org\/10.33209\/2519-4348-2707-9627-2022-10-115<\/p>\n\n\n\n

VB. \u2013 \u2116 10, 2022. \u2013 \u0421. 85-112<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0410\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Christ brought a rebellion to human life according to the religious and ethic orders that people should put into practice in their daily life. Christian ethics emphasized that morality should be united with Christ and Church\u2019s sacred mysteries, otherwise it was not worthy. A central feature of Byzantine culture was Orthodox Christianity. Ethics in Byzantine Empire was not a systematic philosophical discipline, but an occasional response to particular problems posed in everyday life or in interpreting the Scripture. The law and the commandments were set within the context of devotion to God but were deontological standards defining what this morality was. The highest ethical duty of a Christian was the same as the greatest commandment: love God and love your neighbour. In this paper, we are going to search vicious and good\/virtuous relationships in the teachings of the Church Fathers based on the social structure and gender relations in the Byzantine state and mainly in spouses\u2019 relations. Which was the attitude of Church Fathers for the specific topic in the Byzantine era? Did they dare to criticize vicious actions among people like adultery, homosexuality, prostitution and concubinage? Which was their influence on the laws of the Byzantine Empire about the status of marriage? How did they present virtuous relations as religious attitudes against vicious actions which help the social life of married and unmarried Christians and their sexual life? Church Fathers condemned any kind of immorality because is against the laws of God. They continued to love sinners and to pray for their salvation. Through the teaching of Church Fathers, a Christian should find the correct path which leads to God. The only true path is for every man and woman in every period to struggle against his or her passions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430: <\/strong>Church Fathers, adultery, prostitution, concubinage homosexuality, Christianity, Byzantine Empire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

SOURCES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u03a0\u0397\u0393\u0395\u03a3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7New Testament, translation NSRVA<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Old Testament, translation NSRVA<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, <\/em>H. Rackham, Ed., http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0054%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Basilius of Caesarea, Ascetical works <\/em>1, PG 31, 1325AB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Codex Theodosianus<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Cyril of Alexandria, Against Eunuchs<\/em>, PG 77, 1108-1109.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Digesta, https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/halsall\/sbook1c.asp Isaurian Ecloga<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Justinii Codex, https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/halsall\/sbook1c.asp<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Institutiones<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7Gregory Nazianzen, Homily 37<\/em>, PG 36, 281- 308.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7<\/em>Gregory Nazianzen, <\/em>On Self-Restraint<\/em>, PG 37, 643D<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Colossenses<\/em>,<\/em> PG 62, 229A<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In Matthaeum<\/em>, PG 57, 21-472.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, Baptismal Instructions 6, 24- 25.<\/em> transl. by https:\/\/solzemli.wordpress.com\/2011\/07\/31\/saint-john-chrysostom-on-marital-sex<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Colossenses,<\/em> 12, PG 62, 387B. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, Encomium ad Maximom, <\/em>PG 51, 230C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Ephesios<\/em>, PG 62, 225AB. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Ephesios<\/em>, PG 62, 139A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, Encomium ad Maximom, <\/em>PG 51, 235C, trans. by Eirini Artemi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In Virginitatem, <\/em>Ecclesiastical Church Fathers, vol 29, Thessaloniki,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Colossenses,<\/em> 12, PG 62, 393B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In Matthaeum<\/em>, PG 58, 768A-C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad 1\u0441\u0442<\/sup> Corinthios<\/em>, 19, PG 61, 152C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom, In Genesim, <\/em>PG 53, 353C & <\/em>PG 54, 581-631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom On Psalms<\/em>, PG 55, 178-186.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom On Romans Epistle, <\/em>PG 60, 583-681.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Chrysostom On Thessalonicians 1st<\/em>, PG 62, 391-467.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7John Malalas, Chronography<\/em>, Homily 18, Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, vol. 14, Bonnae 1731.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7<\/em>Nikodemos Agiorites, <\/em>Commentary on the Fourteen Epistles of the Apostle Paul,<\/em> Vol. I, Athens: 1971. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nikolas Cabasilas, Homily on the Nativity of Holy Virgin Mother\u201d, <\/em>6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SECONDARY<\/strong> <\/strong>BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a0. \u0399., \u039a\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u039d\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>, 3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4., \u0392\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquilina, M., <\/strong>\u201c<\/strong>One flesh of purest gold. John Chrysostom\u2019s Discovery of the Blessings & Mysteries of Marriage<\/em>\u201d, Touchstone, A journal of mere Christianity, <\/em>vol. 21.1 (2008), 3-15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0391\u03c1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b7, \u0395\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7, \u201c\u0391\u03c1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u201d, Ekkilisiastikos<\/em> <\/em>Faros<\/em>, <\/em>vol<\/em>. 89, <\/em>Alexandria 2019, p. 39-58,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bailey, D. Sh. Homosexuality and the Western Christian Tradition<\/em>, Longmans, Green, London 1955.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaucamp, J., Le statut de la femme a Byzance (4e\u20137e siecle). <\/em>I. le droit imperial, <\/em>Travaux et memoires du Centre de recherche d\u2019 histoire et civilisation de Byzance, College de France. Venographies, 5, Paris 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c2, \u0394. \u03a7., \u00ab\u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039d\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0394\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 <\/em>\u0392\u0384, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4. \u039d. \u03a3\u03ac\u03ba\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Collett Sandars, T. The Institutes of Justinian: With English Introduction, Translation, and Notes, <\/em>London 1853<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evans, J. A., The Emperor Justinian and the Byzantine Empire, <\/em>Greenwood Press, London 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gagarin, M., \u201cMorality in Homer\u201d, Classical Philology<\/em> 82. 4 (1987): 285-306. (Accessed 1 July 2021), http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/269650<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hall, M. \u201cA Historical and Hermeneutical Approach to the Vice-Lists: A Pauline Perspective\u201d, Spiritus: ORU Journal of Theology<\/em>, 3.1.1(2018):27-46, http:\/\/digitalshowcase.oru.edu\/spiritus\/vol3\/iss1\/5<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harper, \u039a., Slavery in the Late Roman Mediterranean, Ad 275\u2013425: an Economic, Social, and Institutional Study<\/em>, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hunter, A.W., A Systematic and Historical Exposition of Roman Law in the Order of a Code<\/em>, Sweet & Maxwell, London 1803.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Johnstone, M. A. \u201cOn the Ethical Dimension of Heraclitus\u2019 Thought\u201d in Early Greek Ethics<\/em>, ed. by D. Wolfsdorf, Oxford University Press, 2020, p. 37\u201353.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jonaitis, M., Kosait\u0117 – \u010cypien\u0117, E., \u00abConception of roman marriage: historical experience in the context of national family policy concept\u00bb,   Jurisprudencija\/Jurisprudence of Mykolo Romerio universitetas, 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

116 (2009), p. 295\u2013316. ISSN 1392\u20136195 (print).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIntroduction to Ethics\u201d, https:\/\/www.soas.ac.uk\/cedep-demos\/000_P563_EED_K3736-Demo\/module\/pdfs\/p563_unit_01.pdf<\/a><\/em> (Accessed 30 May 2021)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kazdan, \u0391. P.  \u00abThe Byzantine Family and its problems\u00bb, (in greek) Mnimon<\/em>, 12 (1989), p195-209, http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.12681\/mnimon.414<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miller, W., Trebizond. The Last Greek Empire<\/em>, London 1926.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moussourakis, G., Roman Law and the Origins of the Civil Law Tradition<\/em>, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland 2015, DOI 10.1007\/978-3-319-12268-7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5, \u039a., \u0397 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae. \u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noailles, P., Dain, A., Les Novelles de Leon VI le Sage<\/em>, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 1944.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5, \u0396., \u039f\u03b9 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039b\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c4\u0384 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd (886-912) \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, <\/em>\u03bc.\u03b4., \u039a\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae 2015-2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u03a1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u0393., & \u03a0\u03bf\u03c4\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2, \u039c.,\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u0391\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039f\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd<\/em>, \u03c4. \u0394\u0384, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd 1854. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u03a1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7, \u039a., \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd \u0394\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03be\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1985. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parkin, T., Pomeroy, \u0391., Roman Social History<\/em>. A Sourcebook<\/em>, Routledge, New York 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rawson, B. \u201cRoman Concubinage and Other: De Facto<\/em> Marriages\u201d, Transactions of the American Philological Association<\/a><\/em>:<\/em> Johns Hopkins University Press<\/em>, 104(1974). 279\u2013305, esp. p. 288, doi<\/a>:10.2307\/2936094<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rawson, B., \u00abSpurii and the Roman View of Illegitimacy\u00bb, The Australian National University: Antichthon <\/em>23 (1989), p. 10-41. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Severy, B., Augustus and the family at the birth of the Roman Empire<\/em>, Routledge, New York 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u03a3\u03bc\u03ac\u03b3\u03b1, \u03a0., \u039f \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf<\/em>, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Treggiari, S., \u201cContubernales\u201d, Phoenix<\/em><\/a>. CAC<\/a>, 35 (1) (1981): 42\u201369, doi<\/a>:10.2307\/1087137<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a3\u03c0., \u00ab\u0388\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u00bb, \u03a3\u03c0. \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc.), \u0388\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a4\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf<\/em>, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wesche, K. P.   \u201cReflections on the priesthood on Eastern Orthodoxy\u201d, The Theology of Priesthood<\/em>, D. J. Goergen, A., Garrido (eds), New York 2000, p. 182<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wolff, H. J., Roman Law. An Historical Introduction, <\/em>Red Rivers Books, University of Oklahoma Press, 1951.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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View\/download PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Number DOI: http:\/\/doi.org\/10.33209\/2519-4348-2707-9627-2022-10-115 VB. – \u2116 10, 2022. – P. 85-112 Summary Christ brought a rebellion to human life according to the religious and ethic orders that people should put into practice in their daily life. Christian ethics emphasized that morality should be united with Christ and Church\u2019s sacred mysteries, otherwise it was not worthy. A central feature of Byzantine culture was Orthodox Christianity. Ethics in Byzantine Empire was not a systematic philosophical discipline, but an occasional response to particular problems posed in everyday life or in interpreting the Scripture. The law and the commandments were set within the context of devotion to God but were deontological standards defining what this morality was. The highest ethical duty of a Christian was the same as the greatest commandment: love God and love your neighbour. In this paper, we are going to search vicious and good\/virtuous relationships in the teachings of the Church Fathers based on the social structure and gender relations in the Byzantine state and mainly in spouses\u2019 relations. Which was the attitude of Church Fathers for the specific topic in the Byzantine era? Did they dare to criticize vicious actions among people like adultery, homosexuality, prostitution and concubinage? Which was their influence on the laws of the Byzantine Empire about the status of marriage? How did they present virtuous relations as religious attitudes against vicious actions which help the social life of married and unmarried Christians and their sexual life? Church Fathers condemned any kind of immorality because is against the laws of God. They continued to love sinners and to pray for their salvation. Through the teaching of Church Fathers, a Christian should find the correct path which leads to God. The only true path is for every man and woman in every period to struggle against his or her passions. Key words: Church Fathers, adultery, prostitution, concubinage homosexuality, Christianity, Byzantine Empire. References: BIBLIOGRAPHY SOURCES BIBLIOGRAPHY \u03a0\u0397\u0393\u0395\u03a3 \u00b7New Testament, translation NSRVA \u00b7Old Testament, translation NSRVA \u00b7Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, H. Rackham, Ed., http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0054%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D1 \u00b7Basilius of Caesarea, Ascetical works 1, PG 31, 1325AB. \u00b7Codex Theodosianus \u00b7Cyril of Alexandria, Against Eunuchs, PG 77, 1108-1109. \u00b7Digesta, https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/halsall\/sbook1c.asp Isaurian Ecloga \u00b7Justinii Codex, https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/halsall\/sbook1c.asp \u00b7Institutiones \u00b7Gregory Nazianzen, Homily 37, PG 36, 281- 308. \u00b7Gregory Nazianzen, On Self-Restraint, PG 37, 643D \u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Colossenses, PG 62, 229A \u00b7John Chrysostom, In Matthaeum, PG 57, 21-472. \u00b7John Chrysostom, Baptismal Instructions 6, 24- 25. transl. by https:\/\/solzemli.wordpress.com\/2011\/07\/31\/saint-john-chrysostom-on-marital-sex \u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Colossenses, 12, PG 62, 387B.  \u00b7John Chrysostom, Encomium ad Maximom, PG 51, 230C. \u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Ephesios, PG 62, 225AB.  \u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Ephesios, PG 62, 139A. \u00b7John Chrysostom, Encomium ad Maximom, PG 51, 235C, trans. by Eirini Artemi \u00b7John Chrysostom, In Virginitatem, Ecclesiastical Church Fathers, vol 29, Thessaloniki, \u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad Colossenses, 12, PG 62, 393B. \u00b7John Chrysostom, In Matthaeum, PG 58, 768A-C. \u00b7John Chrysostom, In epistulam ad 1st Corinthios, 19, PG 61, 152C. \u00b7John Chrysostom, In Genesim, PG 53, 353C & PG 54, 581-631. \u00b7John Chrysostom On Psalms, PG 55, 178-186. \u00b7John Chrysostom On Romans Epistle, PG 60, 583-681. \u00b7John Chrysostom On Thessalonicians 1st, PG 62, 391-467. \u00b7John Malalas, Chronography, Homily 18, Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, vol. 14, Bonnae 1731. \u00b7Nikodemos Agiorites, Commentary on the Fourteen Epistles of the Apostle Paul, Vol. I, Athens: 1971.  Nikolas Cabasilas, Homily on the Nativity of Holy Virgin Mother\u201d, 6 SECONDARY BIBLIOGRAPHY \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a0. \u0399., \u039a\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u039d\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, 3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4., \u0392\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 2006. Aquilina, M., \u201cOne flesh of purest gold. John Chrysostom\u2019s Discovery of the Blessings & Mysteries of Marriage\u201d, Touchstone, A journal of mere Christianity, vol. 21.1 (2008), 3-15. \u0391\u03c1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b7, \u0395\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7, \u201c\u0391\u03c1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u201d, Ekkilisiastikos Faros, vol. 89, Alexandria 2019, p. 39-58, Bailey, D. Sh. Homosexuality and the Western Christian Tradition, Longmans, Green, London 1955. Beaucamp, J., Le statut de la femme a Byzance (4e\u20137e siecle). I. le droit imperial, Travaux et memoires du Centre de recherche d\u2019 histoire et civilisation de Byzance, College de France. Venographies, 5, Paris 1990. \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c2, \u0394. \u03a7., \u00ab\u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039d\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0394\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u0384, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4. \u039d. \u03a3\u03ac\u03ba\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1989. Collett Sandars, T. The Institutes of Justinian: With English Introduction, Translation, and Notes, London 1853 Evans, J. A., The Emperor Justinian and the Byzantine Empire, Greenwood Press, London 2005. Gagarin, M., \u201cMorality in Homer\u201d, Classical Philology 82. 4 (1987): 285-306. (Accessed 1 July 2021), http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/269650. Hall, M. \u201cA Historical and Hermeneutical Approach to the Vice-Lists: A Pauline Perspective\u201d, Spiritus: ORU Journal of Theology, 3.1.1(2018):27-46, http:\/\/digitalshowcase.oru.edu\/spiritus\/vol3\/iss1\/5 Harper, \u039a., Slavery in the Late Roman Mediterranean, Ad 275\u2013425: an Economic, Social, and Institutional Study, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2011. Hunter, A.W., A Systematic and Historical Exposition of Roman Law in the Order of a Code, Sweet & Maxwell, London 1803. Johnstone, M. A. \u201cOn the Ethical Dimension of Heraclitus\u2019 Thought\u201d in Early Greek Ethics, ed. by D. Wolfsdorf, Oxford University Press, 2020, p. 37\u201353. Jonaitis, M., Kosait\u0117 – \u010cypien\u0117, E., \u00abConception of roman marriage: historical experience in the context of national family policy concept\u00bb,   Jurisprudencija\/Jurisprudence of Mykolo Romerio universitetas, 2. 116 (2009), p. 295\u2013316. ISSN 1392\u20136195 (print). \u201cIntroduction to Ethics\u201d, https:\/\/www.soas.ac.uk\/cedep-demos\/000_P563_EED_K3736-Demo\/module\/pdfs\/p563_unit_01.pdf (Accessed 30 May 2021) Kazdan, \u0391. P.  \u00abThe Byzantine Family and its problems\u00bb, (in greek) Mnimon, 12 (1989), p195-209, http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.12681\/mnimon.414 Miller, W., Trebizond. The Last Greek Empire, London 1926. Moussourakis, G., Roman Law and the Origins of the Civil Law Tradition, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland 2015, DOI 10.1007\/978-3-319-12268-7 \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03bf\u03c5, \u039a., \u0397 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae. \u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2005. Noailles, P., Dain, A., Les Novelles de Leon VI le Sage, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 1944. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5, \u0396., \u039f\u03b9 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039b\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c4\u0384 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd (886-912) \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc.\u03b4., \u039a\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae 2015-2016. \u03a1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u0393., & \u03a0\u03bf\u03c4\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2, \u039c.,\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u0391\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039f\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4. \u0394\u0384, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd 1854.  \u03a1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7, \u039a., \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd \u0394\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03be\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1985.  Parkin, T., Pomeroy, \u0391., Roman Social History. A Sourcebook, Routledge, New York 2007. Rawson, B. \u201cRoman Concubinage and Other: De Facto Marriages\u201d, Transactions of the American Philological Association: Johns Hopkins University Press, 104(1974). 279\u2013305, esp. p. 288, doi:10.2307\/2936094. Rawson, B., \u00abSpurii and the Roman View of Illegitimacy\u00bb, The Australian National University: Antichthon 23 (1989), p. 10-41.  Severy, B., Augustus and the family at the birth of the Roman Empire, Routledge, New York 2003. \u03a3\u03bc\u03ac\u03b3\u03b1, \u03a0., \u039f \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 2007. Treggiari, S., \u201cContubernales\u201d, Phoenix. CAC, 35 (1) (1981): 42\u201369, doi:10.2307\/1087137. \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a3\u03c0., \u00ab\u0388\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u00bb, \u03a3\u03c0. \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc.), \u0388\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a4\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[124],"class_list":["post-4415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--10-2022","tag-eirini-artemi","post-no-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4415"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5640,"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4415\/revisions\/5640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vb.vpba.edu.ua\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}